- Il trovatore (“The Troubadour”) premiered in Rome at the Teatro Apollo on January 19, 1853.
- The libretto, by Salvadore Cammarano, was adapted from the play El trovador by Antonio García Gutiérrez. Verdi first suggested El trovador as a subject for his next opera in March of 1851, after the premiere of Rigoletto.
- In 1852, Cammarano died, and Verdi called in Leone Emanuele Bardare to finish the libretto. Bardare was instrumental in making the role of Leonore as significant a role as Azucena, giving the opera a structure with two central female leads as well as two male leads.1
- Synopsis from The Metropolitan Opera
Sources
- Roger Parker, “Trovatore, Il,” Grove Music Online (2002), accesed May 25, 2021, https://www.oxfordmusiconline.com/grovemusic/view/10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.001.0001/omo-9781561592630-e-5000005793.
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